What is the effect of shearing on a patient’s skin?

Shearing occurs when layers of skin and underlying tissue are forced to move in opposite directions, such as when a patient is pulled or slid across a bed or chair. This friction can damage blood vessels and tissues, leading to skin injuries or pressure ulcers. The superficial skin can become separated from deeper tissues, which compromises the skin’s integrity and increases the risk of open wounds.

Understanding the mechanics of shearing is crucial for nursing assistants, as they often play a role in patient repositioning and mobility. Preventing shearing is critical for maintaining skin health, especially for individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility. This knowledge underscores the importance of using proper body mechanics when moving or transferring patients, as well as utilizing supportive devices and techniques to minimize risk.