What condition is referred to as hypertension?

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is defined as a sustained elevation in blood pressure measurements. The correct choice refers to a scenario where the systolic pressure is below 140 mmHg and the diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher, indicating a state where the diastolic pressure rises above normal levels. In this case, it is essential to understand that hypertension focuses on the diastolic pressure reading because it signifies that the pressure of the blood against the artery walls is too high, which can lead to various health complications.

Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be around 120/80 mmHg. When the diastolic measurement is at least 90 mmHg, it indicates an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and other related health problems.

Other conditions referenced in the incorrect options do not align with the definition of hypertension. For instance, low systolic pressure reflects hypotension, while normal blood pressure readings are not considered to be hypertension at all. Understanding these categories of blood pressure readings is critical for proper medical assessment and management of cardiovascular health.