What describes the inability to void?

The inability to void is accurately described as urinary retention. This condition occurs when the bladder is unable to empty completely, leading to a buildup of urine that cannot be expelled. It can happen for various reasons, such as obstruction, nerve problems, or medication effects that hinder normal bladder function. Recognizing urinary retention is critical in nursing practice because it can lead to discomfort, increased risk of infection, and further complications if not addressed promptly.

The other terms provided are related to urine production and elimination but reflect different issues. Polyuria refers to the production of an excess amount of urine, typically above normal quantities. Oliguria denotes a diminished urine output, which signifies that the body is producing less urine than expected. Dysuria indicates painful urination, often associated with infections or irritation in the urinary tract. Understanding these differences helps in identifying and responding to urinary issues accurately in a healthcare setting.